[2J[01;01H[=3h[2J[01;01H[0m[35m[40m[0m[37m[40mEFI stub: Entering in SVC mode with MMU enabled EFI stub: Booting Linux Kernel... EFI stub: Using DTB from configuration table EFI stub: Loaded initrd from LINUX_EFI_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID device path EFI stub: Exiting boot services and installing virtual address map... [ 0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0 [ 0.000000] Linux version 5.10.150-cip18 (KernelCI@build-j387978-arm-gcc-10-multi-v7-defconfig-g88cr) (arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Debian) 2.35.2) #1 SMP Wed Oct 26 17:09:25 UTC 2022 [ 0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [412fc0f1] revision 1 (ARMv7), cr=10c5387d [ 0.000000] CPU: div instructions available: patching division code [ 0.000000] CPU: PIPT / VIPT nonaliasing data cache, PIPT instruction cache [ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: linux,dummy-virt [ 0.000000] random: crng init done [ 0.000000] earlycon: pl11 at MMIO 0x09000000 (options '') [ 0.000000] printk: bootconsole [pl11] enabled [ 0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writealloc [ 0.000000] efi: EFI v2.70 by EDK II [ 0.000000] efi: SMBIOS=0x5fb78000 SMBIOS 3.0=0x5fb76000 MEMATTR=0x5e15da90 MEMRESERVE=0x5c6eae90 [ 0.000000] cma: Reserved 64 MiB at 0x56800000 [ 0.000000] Zone ranges: [ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x000000005fffffff] [ 0.000000] Normal empty [ 0.000000] HighMem empty [ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node [ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x000000005f9c6fff] [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x000000005f9c7000-0x000000005fb88fff] [ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x000000005fb89000-0x000000005fffffff] [ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000040000000-0x000000005fffffff] [ 0.000000] On node 0 totalpages: 131072 [ 0.000000] DMA zone: 1024 pages used for memmap [ 0.000000] DMA zone: 0 pages reserved [ 0.000000] DMA zone: 131072 pages, LIFO batch:31 [ 0.000000] psci: probing for conduit method from DT. [ 0.000000] psci: PSCIv1.1 detected in firmware. [ 0.000000] psci: Using standard PSCI v0.2 function IDs [ 0.000000] psci: Trusted OS migration not required [ 0.000000] psci: SMC Calling Convention v1.0 [ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 20 pages/cpu s49868 r8192 d23860 u81920 [ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s49868 r8192 d23860 u81920 alloc=20*4096 [ 0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [0] 0 [ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 130048 [ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/ram0 debug verbose console_msg_format=syslog earlycon initrd=initrd <6>[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes, linear) <6>[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 32768 (order: 5, 131072 bytes, linear) <6>[ 0.000000] mem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off <6>[ 0.000000] Memory: 420316K/524288K available (13312K kernel code, 2230K rwdata, 5344K rodata, 2048K init, 424K bss, 38436K reserved, 65536K cma-reserved, 0K highmem) <6>[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 <6>[ 0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation. <6>[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU event tracing is enabled. <6>[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=16 to nr_cpu_ids=1. <6>[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 10 jiffies. <6>[ 0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=1 <6>[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16 <6>[ 0.000000] GICv3: 224 SPIs implemented <6>[ 0.000000] GICv3: 0 Extended SPIs implemented <6>[ 0.000000] GICv3: Distributor has no Range Selector support <6>[ 0.000000] GICv3: 16 PPIs implemented <6>[ 0.000000] GICv3: CPU0: found redistributor 0 region 0:0x080a0000 <6>[ 0.000000] arch_timer: cp15 timer(s) running at 62.50MHz (virt). <6>[ 0.000000] clocksource: arch_sys_counter: mask: 0xffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1cd42e208c, max_idle_ns: 881590405314 ns <6>[ 0.000382] sched_clock: 56 bits at 62MHz, resolution 16ns, wraps every 4398046511096ns <6>[ 0.001367] Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 16ns <6>[ 0.017334] Console: colour dummy device 80x30 <6>[ 0.020799] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 125.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=625000) <6>[ 0.021968] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301 <6>[ 0.025702] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear) <6>[ 0.026394] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear) <6>[ 0.055358] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok <3>[ 0.058306] CPU0: Spectre v2: firmware did not set auxiliary control register IBE bit, system vulnerable <6>[ 0.059458] CPU0: Spectre BHB: enabling loop workaround for all CPUs <3>[ 0.078556] /cpus/cpu@0 missing clock-frequency property <6>[ 0.079301] CPU0: thread -1, cpu 0, socket 0, mpidr 80000000 <6>[ 0.091853] Setting up static identity map for 0x40300000 - 0x403000ac <6>[ 0.096574] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation. <6>[ 0.109247] Remapping and enabling EFI services. <6>[ 0.114277] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ... <6>[ 0.114796] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU <6>[ 0.115243] SMP: Total of 1 processors activated (125.00 BogoMIPS). <6>[ 0.115817] CPU: All CPU(s) started in SVC mode. <6>[ 0.137084] devtmpfs: initialized <6>[ 0.158474] VFP support v0.3: implementor 41 architecture 4 part 30 variant f rev 0 <6>[ 0.195773] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns <6>[ 0.199095] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear) <6>[ 0.215002] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem <6>[ 0.257786] SMBIOS 3.0.0 present. <6>[ 0.258602] DMI: QEMU QEMU Virtual Machine, BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015 <6>[ 0.274007] NET: Registered protocol family 16 <6>[ 0.319576] DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations <6>[ 0.333764] thermal_sys: Registered thermal governor 'step_wise' <6>[ 0.334642] cpuidle: using governor menu <6>[ 0.336049] No ATAGs? <6>[ 0.338541] hw-breakpoint: found 5 (+1 reserved) breakpoint and 4 watchpoint registers. <6>[ 0.339184] hw-breakpoint: maximum watchpoint size is 8 bytes. <6>[ 0.350735] Serial: AMBA PL011 UART driver <6>[ 0.476853] 9000000.pl011: ttyAMA0 at MMIO 0x9000000 (irq = 61, base_baud = 0) is a PL011 rev1 <6>[ 0.480433] printk: console [ttyAMA0] enabled <6>[ 0.480433] printk: console [ttyAMA0] enabled <6>[ 0.481536] printk: bootconsole [pl11] disabled <6>[ 0.481536] printk: bootconsole [pl11] disabled <6>[ 0.597510] iommu: Default domain type: Translated <6>[ 0.599733] vgaarb: loaded <5>[ 0.605375] SCSI subsystem initialized <7>[ 0.607600] libata version 3.00 loaded. <6>[ 0.610472] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs <6>[ 0.611303] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub <6>[ 0.612037] usbcore: registered new device driver usb <6>[ 0.617324] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered <6>[ 0.618011] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <6>[ 0.618852] PTP clock support registered <6>[ 0.623390] Registered efivars operations <6>[ 0.661790] clocksource: Switched to clocksource arch_sys_counter <6>[ 2.296962] NET: Registered protocol family 2 <6>[ 2.301722] IP idents hash table entries: 8192 (order: 4, 65536 bytes, linear) <6>[ 2.312647] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 6144 bytes, linear) <6>[ 2.313612] TCP established hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear) <6>[ 2.314476] TCP bind hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes, linear) <6>[ 2.315296] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096) <6>[ 2.318659] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear) <6>[ 2.319469] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 8192 bytes, linear) <6>[ 2.322108] NET: Registered protocol family 1 <6>[ 2.328955] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module. <6>[ 2.329432] RPC: Registered udp transport module. <6>[ 2.329766] RPC: Registered tcp transport module. <6>[ 2.330106] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module. <6>[ 2.330747] PCI: CLS 0 bytes, default 64 <6>[ 2.340637] Trying to unpack rootfs image as initramfs... <6>[ 3.510634] Freeing initrd memory: 7696K <5>[ 3.517523] Initialise system trusted keyrings <6>[ 3.520893] workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=17 bucket_order=0 <6>[ 3.550054] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher <5>[ 3.556198] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type <5>[ 3.557352] Key type id_resolver registered <5>[ 3.557737] Key type id_legacy registered <6>[ 3.558928] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering... <6>[ 3.559522] nfs4flexfilelayout_init: NFSv4 Flexfile Layout Driver Registering... <6>[ 3.560665] ntfs: driver 2.1.32 [Flags: R/O]. <5>[ 3.563354] Key type asymmetric registered <5>[ 3.563770] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered <6>[ 3.564544] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 247) <6>[ 3.565281] io scheduler mq-deadline registered <6>[ 3.565729] io scheduler kyber registered <6>[ 3.618324] pl061_gpio 9030000.pl061: PL061 GPIO chip registered <6>[ 3.634837] pci-host-generic 3f000000.pcie: host bridge /pcie@10000000 ranges: <6>[ 3.637197] pci-host-generic 3f000000.pcie: IO 0x003eff0000..0x003effffff -> 0x0000000000 <6>[ 3.642327] pci-host-generic 3f000000.pcie: MEM 0x0010000000..0x003efeffff -> 0x0010000000 <6>[ 3.642974] pci-host-generic 3f000000.pcie: MEM 0x8000000000..0xffffffffff -> 0x8000000000 <6>[ 3.648513] pci-host-generic 3f000000.pcie: ECAM at [mem 0x3f000000-0x3fffffff] for [bus 00-0f] <6>[ 3.651086] pci-host-generic 3f000000.pcie: PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00 <6>[ 3.651936] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-0f] <6>[ 3.652541] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io 0x0000-0xffff] <6>[ 3.652933] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x10000000-0x3efeffff] <6>[ 3.655916] pci 0000:00:00.0: [1b36:0008] type 00 class 0x060000 <6>[ 3.662363] pci 0000:00:01.0: [1af4:1000] type 00 class 0x020000 <6>[ 3.663506] pci 0000:00:01.0: reg 0x10: [io 0x0040-0x005f] <6>[ 3.664353] pci 0000:00:01.0: reg 0x20: [mem 0x10044000-0x10047fff 64bit pref] <6>[ 3.664896] pci 0000:00:01.0: reg 0x30: [mem 0xfffc0000-0xffffffff pref] <6>[ 3.666128] pci 0000:00:02.0: [1af4:1001] type 00 class 0x010000 <6>[ 3.666607] pci 0000:00:02.0: reg 0x10: [io 0x0000-0x003f] <6>[ 3.667327] pci 0000:00:02.0: reg 0x20: [mem 0x10040000-0x10043fff 64bit pref] <6>[ 3.671607] PCI: bus0: Fast back to back transfers disabled <6>[ 3.674422] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 6: assigned [mem 0x10000000-0x1003ffff pref] <6>[ 3.675243] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 4: assigned [mem 0x10040000-0x10043fff 64bit pref] <6>[ 3.676060] pci 0000:00:02.0: BAR 4: assigned [mem 0x10044000-0x10047fff 64bit pref] <6>[ 3.676659] pci 0000:00:02.0: BAR 0: assigned [io 0x1000-0x103f] <6>[ 3.677424] pci 0000:00:01.0: BAR 0: assigned [io 0x1040-0x105f] <6>[ 3.727946] virtio-pci 0000:00:01.0: enabling device (0100 -> 0103) <6>[ 3.733700] virtio-pci 0000:00:02.0: enabling device (0100 -> 0103) <6>[ 3.932101] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 5 ports, IRQ sharing enabled <6>[ 3.947389] SuperH (H)SCI(F) driver initialized <6>[ 3.951234] msm_serial: driver initialized <6>[ 3.952172] STMicroelectronics ASC driver initialized <6>[ 3.956290] STM32 USART driver initialized <6>[ 4.039274] brd: module loaded <6>[ 4.078811] loop: module loaded <5>[ 4.090918] virtio_blk virtio1: [vda] 1048576 512-byte logical blocks (537 MB/512 MiB) <6>[ 4.091733] vda: detected capacity change from 0 to 536870912 <5>[ 4.136450] physmap-flash 0.flash: physmap platform flash device: [mem 0x00000000-0x03ffffff] <6>[ 4.139878] 0.flash: Found 2 x16 devices at 0x0 in 32-bit bank. Manufacturer ID 0x000000 Chip ID 0x000000 <6>[ 4.141358] Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x0031 <6>[ 4.142945] Using buffer write method <7>[ 4.143979] erase region 0: offset=0x0,size=0x40000,blocks=256 <5>[ 4.149068] physmap-flash 0.flash: physmap platform flash device: [mem 0x04000000-0x07ffffff] <6>[ 4.150502] 0.flash: Found 2 x16 devices at 0x0 in 32-bit bank. Manufacturer ID 0x000000 Chip ID 0x000000 <6>[ 4.151118] Intel/Sharp Extended Query Table at 0x0031 <6>[ 4.152247] Using buffer write method <7>[ 4.152553] erase region 0: offset=0x0,size=0x40000,blocks=256 <5>[ 4.153055] Concatenating MTD devices: <5>[ 4.153376] (0): \"0.flash\" <5>[ 4.153603] (1): \"0.flash\" <5>[ 4.153834] into device \"0.flash\" <6>[ 4.394647] CAN device driver interface <6>[ 4.398338] bgmac_bcma: Broadcom 47xx GBit MAC driver loaded <6>[ 4.402113] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver <6>[ 4.402469] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation. <6>[ 4.403155] igb: Intel(R) Gigabit Ethernet Network Driver <6>[ 4.403535] igb: Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Intel Corporation. <6>[ 4.417541] pegasus: v0.9.3 (2013/04/25), Pegasus/Pegasus II USB Ethernet driver <6>[ 4.418264] usbcore: registered new interface driver pegasus <6>[ 4.418834] usbcore: registered new interface driver asix <6>[ 4.419340] usbcore: registered new interface driver ax88179_178a <6>[ 4.419884] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ether <6>[ 4.420451] usbcore: registered new interface driver smsc75xx <6>[ 4.421047] usbcore: registered new interface driver smsc95xx <6>[ 4.421571] usbcore: registered new interface driver net1080 <6>[ 4.422089] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_subset <6>[ 4.422621] usbcore: registered new interface driver zaurus <6>[ 4.423262] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_ncm <6>[ 4.432109] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver <6>[ 4.432670] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver <6>[ 4.433448] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver <6>[ 4.434425] ehci-orion: EHCI orion driver <6>[ 4.435229] SPEAr-ehci: EHCI SPEAr driver <6>[ 4.435971] ehci-st: EHCI STMicroelectronics driver <6>[ 4.436753] ehci-exynos: EHCI Exynos driver <6>[ 4.437915] ehci-atmel: EHCI Atmel driver <6>[ 4.438691] tegra-ehci: Tegra EHCI driver <6>[ 4.439496] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver <6>[ 4.440086] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver <6>[ 4.440861] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver <6>[ 4.441789] SPEAr-ohci: OHCI SPEAr driver <6>[ 4.442516] ohci-st: OHCI STMicroelectronics driver <6>[ 4.443297] ohci-atmel: OHCI Atmel driver <6>[ 4.446555] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage <6>[ 4.464523] i2c /dev entries driver <6>[ 4.506558] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver <6>[ 4.507257] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman <6>[ 4.513363] Synopsys Designware Multimedia Card Interface Driver <6>[ 4.518274] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper <6>[ 4.530320] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs <6>[ 4.541518] pstore: Registered efi as persistent store backend <6>[ 4.544551] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid <6>[ 4.544968] usbhid: USB HID core driver <6>[ 4.561993] NET: Registered protocol family 10 <6>[ 4.576295] Segment Routing with IPv6 <6>[ 4.577739] sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver <6>[ 4.583643] NET: Registered protocol family 17 <6>[ 4.584271] can: controller area network core <6>[ 4.585354] NET: Registered protocol family 29 <6>[ 4.585738] can: raw protocol <6>[ 4.586233] can: broadcast manager protocol <6>[ 4.586784] can: netlink gateway - max_hops=1 <5>[ 4.589696] Key type dns_resolver registered <6>[ 4.590571] ThumbEE CPU extension supported. <5>[ 4.591024] Registering SWP/SWPB emulation handler <5>[ 4.593619] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates <6>[ 4.608706] pstore: Using crash dump compression: deflate <6>[ 4.628914] input: gpio-keys as /devices/platform/gpio-keys/input/input0 <6>[ 4.642725] uart-pl011 9000000.pl011: no DMA platform data <6>[ 4.919818] Freeing unused kernel memory: 2048K <6>[ 4.943447] Run /init as init process <7>[ 4.943805] with arguments: <7>[ 4.944078] /init <7>[ 4.944276] verbose <7>[ 4.944486] with environment: <7>[ 4.944746] HOME=/ <7>[ 4.944945] TERM=linux Starting syslogd: OK Starting klogd: OK Running sysctl: OK Populating /dev using udev: <30>[ 7.550671] udevd[75]: starting version 3.2.9 <27>[ 7.677661] udevd[75]: specified user 'tss' unknown <27>[ 7.679947] udevd[75]: specified group 'tss' unknown <30>[ 7.730205] udevd[76]: starting eudev-3.2.9 done Saving random seed: OK Starting network: OK Starting dropbear sshd: OK /bin/sh: can't access tty; job control turned off / # / # # # / # mkdir /lava-2749529 mkdir /lava-2749529 / # mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/4f8e9abb-8bc2-4cd7-b36e-6343bdd38908 -t ext2 /lava-2749529 mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/4f8e9abb-8bc2-4cd7-b36e-6343bdd38908 -t ext2 /lava-2 749529 <6>[ 27.006201] EXT4-fs (vda): mounting ext2 file system using the ext4 subsystem <6>[ 27.244615] EXT4-fs (vda): mounted filesystem without journal. Opts: (null) / # ls -la /lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner ls -la /lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1039 Oct 26 2022 [1;32m/lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner[m / # export SHELL=/bin/sh export SHELL=/bin/sh / # . /lava-2749529/environment . /lava-2749529/environment / # /lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner /lava-2749529/0 /lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner /lava-2749529/0 + export 'TESTRUN_ID=0_dmesg' + cd /lava-2749529/0/tests/0_dmesg + cat uuid + UUID=2749529_1.1.3.1 + set +x <8>[ 28.769908] + KERNELCI_LAVA=y /bin/sh /opt/kernelci/dmesg.sh <8>[ 29.342356] <8>[ 29.814410] <8>[ 30.244309] + set +x <8>[ 30.253918] # / # #mkdir /lava-2749529 / # mkdir /lava-2749529mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/4f8e9abb-8bc2-4cd7-b36e-6343bdd38908 -t ext2 /lava-2749529 mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/4f8e9abb-8bc2-4cd7-b36e-6343bdd38908 -t ext2 /lava-2749529mkdir: can't create directory '/lava-2749529': File exists / # mount /dev/disk/by-uuid/4f8e9abb-8bc2-4cd7-b36e-6343bdd389ls -la /lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner 08 -t ext2 /lava-2 749529 mount: mounting /dev/disk/by-uuid/4f8e9abb-8bc2-4cd7-b36e-6343bdd38908 on /lava-2749529 failed: Device or resource busy / # ls -la /lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runnerexport SHELL=/bin/sh export SHELL=/bin/sh-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1039 Oct 26 2022 [1;32m/lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner[m / # export SHELL=/bin/sh. /lava-2749529/environment / # . /lava-2749529/environment/lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner /lava-2749529/1 / # /lava-2749529/bin/lava-test-runner /lava-2749529/1 + export 'TESTRUN_ID=1_bootrr' + cd /lava-2749529/1/tests/1_bootrr + cat uuid + UUID=2749529_1.1.3.5 + set +x <8>[ 31.694208] + export 'PATH=/opt/bootrr/helpers:/lava-2749529/1/../bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin' + cd /opt/bootrr + sh helpers/bootrr-auto /lava-2749529/1/../bin/lava-test-case <8>[ 33.166723] /lava-2749529/1/../bin/lava-test-case <8>[ 33.570831] /lava-2749529/1/../bin/lava-test-case <8>[ 33.805329] + set +x <8>[ 34.053057] / # poweroff poweroff